What is Frozen Shoulder?

Frozen Shoulder, medically known as Adhesive Capsulitis, occurs when the capsule surrounding the shoulder joint becomes inflamed and thickened. This causes pain and severe restriction of movement.

The condition usually develops slowly and progresses through different stages over several months.

Common Symptoms

• Persistent shoulder pain
• Pain that worsens at night
• Difficulty lifting the arm
• Pain while dressing
• Unable to reach overhead
• Difficulty combing hair
• Shoulder stiffness
• Reduced range of motion

Causes of Frozen Shoulder

Several factors increase the risk of developing Frozen Shoulder:

• Diabetes
• Shoulder injury
• Fractures
• Shoulder surgery
• Prolonged immobilization
• Stroke
• Thyroid disorders
• Age above 40 years

Stages of Frozen Shoulder

Stage 1 – Freezing Stage

Pain gradually increases and shoulder movement starts becoming restricted.

Stage 2 – Frozen Stage

Pain may reduce slightly, but stiffness becomes severe.

Stage 3 – Thawing Stage

Movement slowly returns with proper treatment and physiotherapy.

How Physiotherapy Helps

Physiotherapy is considered one of the most effective treatments for Frozen Shoulder.

• Pain relief techniques
• Joint mobilization
• Stretching exercises
• Range of motion exercises
• Strengthening exercises
• Posture correction
• Home exercise program

Exercises for Frozen Shoulder

1. Pendulum Exercise
2. Finger Walk Exercise
3. Towel Stretch
4. Cross Body Stretch
5. Wall Climbing Exercise
6. Shoulder Rotation Exercise

Perform these exercises only under the guidance of a qualified physiotherapist.

When Should You Visit a Physiotherapist?

Consult a physiotherapist if:

• Pain lasts more than two weeks.
• Shoulder movement becomes restricted.
• You cannot sleep because of shoulder pain.
• Daily activities become difficult.